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The division of labor.
wAdam Smith (1776): ten men could make 48,000 pins a day, or almost 5,000 per person per day.
wKarl Marx (1867): one woman or girl could supervise four machines, each making 145,000 pins per day, for almost 600,000 per person per day.
wPratten (1980):  one person could supervise 24 machines, each making 500 pins a minute, or about 6 million pins per person per day.
Howe pin-making machine, about 1840. (Smithsonian Institution.)