3
Thirteenth century: looming crisis.
§
Frontier movement
ceases, population growth
continues.
§
General increase in land
rents.
§
Increase in relative prices of
cereals.
§
Some shift from pasture to
cultivation.
§
Diminishing returns
and
declining real wage.
Pieter Bruegel the Elder,
The Harvesters
(1565 )
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
