Biology 107

Study Guide: Reproduction II.

Chapter 46

1. What are the structures in the female reproductive system? Be able to trace the movement of an egg through the reproductive tract. Which structures are necessary for producing gametes, and which are necessary for supporting a developing embryo?
2. What are the steps of spermatogenesis? What are the steps in oogenesis? How do spermatogenesis and oogenesis differ? In which stages of meiosis is there a pause in development of an ovum? What signals cause meiosis to resume in a developing ovum? What are polar bodies?
3. What are the hormonal signals that govern spermatogenesis? What are the feedback systems regulating the levels of FSH and LH?
4. What are the differences between an estrous cycle and a menstrual cycle? What are the three phases of the menstrual cycle? What is being secreted by the endometrium during the secretory phase? What is the purpose of these secretions?
5. What are the stages in the ovarian cycle? What is the function of the corpus luteum? How do the stages of the ovarian cycle relate to the stages in the menstrual cycle?
6. What are the hormones that control the menstrual and ovarian cycles? You should know and understand the changes in hormones shown in figure 46.15. What signals cause the spike in LH and FSH? Which of these hormones does the developing follicle respond to during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle? Which hormone induces ovulation? What is the source of estrogen and progesterone during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle?
7. What is menopause?