Biology 107

Study Guide: Chemical signals II.

Chapter 45

1. What are some of the roles of melatonin? Where is it secreted?
2. What are some of the things regulated by thyroid hormone? What happens if there is an excess or deficiency of thyroid hormone? How are thyroid hormone levels regulated?
3. What does parathyroid hormone regulate? What hormone has action that is antagonistic to parathyroid hormone?
4. What are the endocrine tissues of the pancreas? What cell types in the pancreas secrete what hormone? What do these hormones regulate? What are the two types of diabetes? How do the two types of diabetes differ in their cause?
5. What are the two regions of the adrenal glands? Which region has cells that resemble nerve cells? What signaling molecules are produced there? What is the effect of their release? What do glucocorticoids and mineralcorticoids regulate? How does the control of hormone release from the medulla differ from the control of hormone release from the cortex?
6. Which gonadal steroids do male produce? Which do females produce? How does the quantity of each of these hormones produced by males and females differ? What are the functions of the androgens, estrogens, and progestins? What are the hormones that regulate the production of these hormones?