Biology 107

 

Lecture Notes: Respiration.

Reading: Chapter 42 in text.

 

 

Gas exchange in animals

 

 

á      Mammalian respiratory systems

o      larynx :

 

o      bronchi; bronchioles;  alveoli

 

á      Ventilating the lungs

o      negative pressure breathing:

 

o      diaphragm :

 

á      The amount of air inhaled and exhaled depends upon size, activity level, and state of health

o      Tidal volume :

 

o      Vital capacity :

 

o      Residual volume :

 

á      Control centers in the brain regulate the rate and depth of breathing

 

á      Gases diffuse down pressure gradients in the lungs and other organs

 

á      Respiratory pigments transport gasses and help buffer the plasma

o     Oxygen transport

 

á      Hemocyanin  :

 

á      Hemoglobin:

 

o     Carbon dioxide transport

 

Adaptations to stockpile oxygen and consume it slowly

á      myoglobin :