Study Guide

Biology 107

Spring 2002

Van Cleef-Toedt

Campbell, N. Biology. 5th ed. Menlo Park, California: Benjamin/Cummings, 1999.

 

CHAPTER 46: Animal Reproduction

 

After reading the Campbell text, attending lecture, and working through the corresponding chapter in: Taylor, M.R. Student Study Guide for Biology. Campbell, Reece and Mitchell.  5th ed. Menlo Park, California: Benjamin/Cummings, 1999, you should be able to:

 

  1. Distinguish between asexual and sexual reproduction.
  2. List and describe four forms of asexual reproduction.
  3. Explain how asexual reproduction may be advantageous for a population of organisms living in a stable, favorable environment.
  4. Explain the advantages of sexual reproduction.
  5. Explain the importance of reproductive cycles.
  6. Distinguish among parthenogenesis, hermaphroditism and sequential hermaphroditism.
  7. Compare/contrast internal and external fertilization with regards to successful fertilization strategies, and parental care.
  8. Using a diagram, identify and give the function of each component of the human male reproductive system.
  9. Using a diagram, identify and give the function of each component of the human female reproductive system.
  10. Discuss the hormonal control of reproduction in male mammals.
  11. Explain the differences between menstrual and estrous cycles.
  12. Discuss hormonal control of reproduction in female mammals.
  13. Explain how the menstrual cycle and ovarian cycle are synchronized in female mammals.
  14. Describe spermatogenesis.
  15. Describe oogenesis.
  16. Compare and contrast spermatogenesis and oogenesis.
  17. Describe the hormonal changes that occur at puberty in humans.
  18. Describe the hormonal control of pregnancy in a human female.
  19. List the various methods of contraception and explain how they work.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

KEY TERMS

 

asexual reproduction               sexual reproduction                 gametes

zygote                                     ovum                                       spermatozoon

fission                                     budding                                   fragmentation

regeneration                             parthenogenesis                      hermaphroditism

sequential hermaphroditism    protogynous                           protandrous

fertilization                             external fertilization                internal fertilization

pheromones                            gonads                                     cloaca

testes                                       seminiferous tubules               Leydig (interstitial) cells

Sertoli (sustentacular) cells     scrotum                                   epididymis     

vas deferens                            ejaculatory duct                      urethra

semen                                      seminal vesicles                       prostate gland

bulbourethral glands                penis                                       baculum

glans penis                              prepuce                                   ejaculation

ovarie                                      follicles                                    ovulation                    

corpus luteum                         oviduct (Fallopian/uterine tube)

uterus                                      endometrium                           cervix

vagina                                      hymen                                     vestibule

labia minora                             labia majora                             clitoris

Bartholin’s glands                   mammary glands                     spermatogenesis

acrosome                                 oogenesis                                 menstrual cycle

estrous cycle                           menstruation                           estrus

menstrual flow phase              proliferative phase                  secretory phase

ovarian cycle                           follicular phase                        luteal phase

menopause                              pregnancy (gestation)             embryos

conception                              trimesters                                cleavage

blastocyst                               placenta                                   organogenesis

fetus                                        human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

parturition                               labor                                        lactation

contraception                          rhythm method                       natural family planning

barrier methods                       condom                                   tubal ligation

vasectomy                               birth control pill                      RU-486

in vitro fertilization