Study Guide

Biology 107

Spring 2002

Van Cleef-Toedt

Campbell, N. Biology. 5th ed. Menlo Park, California: Benjamin/Cummings, 1999.

 

CHAPTER 40: An Introduction to Animal Structure and Function

 

After reading the Campbell text, attending lecture, and working through the corresponding chapter in: Taylor, M.R. Student Study Guide for Biology. Campbell, Reece and Mitchell.  5th ed. Menlo Park, California: Benjamin/Cummings, 1999, you should be able to:

 

  1. Define tissue and explain where it falls in the hierarchy of structural organization.
  2. From micrographs, or diagrams, correctly identify the following animal tissues, explain how their structure relates to function and give examples of each.
    1. Epithelial tissue: cuboidal, columnar, squamous
    2. Connective tissue: adipose, cartilage, bone, dense, loose
    3. Muscle: skeletal, cardiac, smooth
    4. Nervous
  3. Describe how metabolic rate can be determined for animals, and distinguish between basal rate and standard metabolic rate.
  4. Describe several body shapes that maximize external surface area in contact with the environment.
  5. Explain how animals with complex internal organization and relatively small surface area to volume ratio can have adequate surface area for materials exchange with the environment.
  6. Describe the location and function of interstitial fluid.
  7. Define homeostasis.
  8. Distinguish between negative feedback and positive feedback (and give one physiological example of each feedback system).

 

KEY TERMS

 

tissues                         elastic fibers                osteoblasts                  abdominal cavity

epithelial tissue           reticular fibers             Haversian systems      organ systems

basement membrane    fibroblasts                   blood                           metabolic rate(MR)

simple epithelium       macrophages               nervous tissue             calories(cal)

stratified epithelium    adipose tissue             neuron                         kilocalories(kcal)

cuboidal                       tendons                       muscle tissue               basal MR

columnar                     fibrous CT                  skeletal muscle            standard MR

squamous                    adipocytes                  smooth muscle            interstitial fluid

mucous membrane      ligaments                     cardiac muscle             homeostasis

connective tissue         cartilage                       organs                          negative feedback

loose CT                     chondrocytes              mesenteries                 positive feedback

collagenous fibers        bone                            thoracic cavity            set point